11.7%: EU labour-market slack (unused labour potential) fell to 11.7% of the extended la

11.7%

EU labour-market slack (unused labour potential) fell to 11.7% of the extended labour force in 2024 — 26.7 million people — down from 18.6% in 2015.

Source: Eurostat · Unused labour potential in the EU: 11.7% in 2024 (2025) [51]

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